David Ḥayim Chelouche: A Karaite is a Jew. We accept them as Jews and every one of them who wishes to come back we accept back. There was once a question about whether Karaites needed to undergo a token circumcision in order to switch to rabbinic Judaism, but the rabbinate agrees that today that is not necessary.
Karaite Judaism follows patrilineal descent, meaning a Jew is someone whose father is Jewish, or who has undergone a formal conversion, since all Jewish descent in the Tanakh is traced patrilineally.
There are about 80 Karaites living in Istanbul, Turkey, where the only Karaite synagogue in Turkey, the Kahal haKadosh Bene Mikra, is still functional in the Hasköy neighborhood in the European part of the city.
There are also about 300 Karaites in Lithuania, according to the Lithuanian Karaim website. They mostly live in Vilnius and Trakai, where the only active Karaite synagogues in the country are situated.
At the 2002 Polish census, only 45 people declared themselves "Karaims", including 43 Polish citizens. In Poland, Karaites are a recognized minority, represented by Związek Karaimów Polskich and Karaimski Związek Religijny w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Karaites live primarily in and around Warsaw, Wrocław and Tricity, they are linguistically assimilated.
There are about 4,000 Karaites living in the United States. The Synagogue KJA Congregation B’nai Israel is located in Daly City, California, which is a suburb of San Francisco. It is the only Karaite synagogue in the United States with a permanent dedicated facility. The leaders of the congregation are of Egyptian Karaite background. One notable congregant, Mark Kheder, the Synagogue’s treasurer, has described his internment in an Egyptian prisoner of war camp during the 1967 Six Day war. The congregation’s acting Rav, Joe Pessah, was also among those who were arrested by the Egyptian government. Another, much smaller congregation, Karaite Jewish Congregation Oraḥ Ṣaddiqim, exists in Albany, NY, but they have yet to find a permanent dedicated facility and, in the mean time, continue to use a room in the home of their Ḥakham, Ḥakham Avraham Ben-Raḥamiël Qanaï, as their temporary synagogue.
On 1 August 2007, some members of the first graduating class of Karaite Jewish University were converted, representing the first new authorized members into Karaite Judaism in 500 years. At a ceremony in its Northern California synagogue, ten adults and four minors joined the Jewish people by taking the same oath that Ruth took. The group’s course of study lasted over one year. This conversion comes 15 years after the Karaite Council of Sages reversed its centuries-old ban on accepting converts. On 17 February 2009, the second graduating class of converts took the oath this included 11 adults and 8 minors.
Other estimates of the size of the modern Karaite movement put the number at over 40,000 in Israel, the largest communities being in Ramlah, Ashdod and Beer-Sheva.
